THE MANIFESTO OF CONSTITUTIONAL AMERICAN NATIONALISM – Part 9
Along with communism, the other national security threat facing the United States is Islamo-totalitarianism. It is currently exported by nations such as Saudi Arabia and especially Iran. Terrorist movements such as al-Qaeda and ISIS are also involved in the effort to conquer the Middle East on behalf of such a barbaric ideology. In recent years, the Obama Administration capitulated to Iranian deception in an effort to promote political correctness and a foreign policy at odds with America’s true interests. Meanwhile, the Islamists continue to seek to deceive the United States into believing that they do not represent an existential threat to freedom and tolerance. Lastly, the Islamists and Communists opportunistically aligned themselves based on a mutual anti-Americanism, anti-Zionism, and anti-“imperialism.”
Muhammed’s companion Abu Ad-Darda’ stated that “we smile in the face of some people although our hearts curse them.” Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman. The Meaning and Explanation of the Glorious Qur’an (Vol 1) 2nd Edition
Ibn Kathir noted that “believers are allowed to show friendship to the disbelievers outwardly, but never inwardly.” Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman. Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz’ 3 (Part 3): Al-Baqarah 253 to Al-I-‘Imran 92 2nd Edition
Mohammed himself wrote that “War is deceit.” Hadith 4:269 Narrated Jabir bin ‘Abdullah
“By Allah, and Allah willing, if I take an oath and later find something else better than that, then I do what is better and expiate my oath.” Bukhari :: Book 7 :: Volume 67 :: Hadith 427
Tafsir Ibn Kathir 151 noted that Muslims were allowed to take “disbelievers as friends, unless you indeed fear a danger from them.” Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman. Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz’ 3 (Part 3): Al-Baqarah 253 to Al-I-‘Imran 92 2nd Edition
Bukhari Volume 3:857 stated “He who makes peace between the people by inventing good information or saying good things, is not a liar.” Bukhari :: Book 3 :: Volume 49 :: Hadith 857 Narrated Um Kulthum bint Uqba
An Islamic theologian noted that “Know that a lie is not haram (wrong) in itself…If a lie is the only way to reach a good result it is halal (allowable)…” Quoted from Laffin, John. The Arab mind considered: a need for understanding
Islamic Conquest via Subversion and Immigration
“…it is a duty incumbent on every Muslim to struggle towards the aim of making every people Muslim and the whole world Islamic, so that the banner of Islam can flutter over the earth and the call of the Muezzin can resound in all the corners of the world: God is greatest (Allahu akbar)!…We believe that Islam is an all-embracing concept which regulates every aspect of life, adjudicating on every one of its concerns and prescribing for it a solid and rigorous order.” Hasan-al Banna, founder of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, 1934 quoted in Goldmann, David. Resurgent Islam and America
“Muslims should not assimilate into American society. If you choose to live here, you have a responsibility to deliver the message of Islam…Islam isn’t in America to be equal to any other faith, but to become dominant. The Koran should be the highest authority in America, and Islam the only accepted religion on earth.” Omar M. Ahmad, Chairman of the Board of the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), 1998 quoted in Hanna, John. U. Cancer in America
In 1988, Abdullah Azzam urged Muslims to “carry out jihad no matter where they were, even in America…The word ‘jihad’ means fighting only, fighting with the sword.” Lasson, Kenneth. “Incitement in the Mosques” Whittier Law Review Fall 2005
“(T)he Ikhwan must understand that their work in America is a kind of grand Jihad in eliminating and destroying the Western civilization from within and ‘sabotaging’ its miserable house by their hands and the hands of the believers so that it is eliminated and God’s religion is made victorious over all other religions.” The Explanatory Memorandum on the General Strategic Goal for the Group in North America also noted that “The general strategic goal of the Group in America which was approved by the Shura Council and the Organizational Conference for the year (1987) is Enablement of Islam in North America, meaning: establishing an effective and a stable Islamic Movement led by the Muslim Brotherhood which adopts Muslims’ causes domestically and globally, and which works to expand the observant Muslim base, aims at unifying and directing Muslims’ efforts, presents Islam as a civilization alternative, and supports the global Islamic State wherever it is.” Explanatory Memorandum on the General Strategic Goal for the Group in North America May 22, 1991
Al-Muhajiroun stated in a speech at Queensborough Community College in 2003 that “We reject the U.N., reject America, reject all law and order. Don’t lobby Congress or protest because we don’t recognize Congress! The only relationship you should have with America is to topple it!” Muhammed Faheed, Al-Muhajiroun, speech, Queensborough Community College, 2003 quoted in Rubin, Barry M. Guide to Islamist Movements Volume 2
“Let us continue to protests. Let us damn America. Let us damn Israel. Let us damn their allies until death. Why do we stop?” University of South Florida (USF) Professor Sami al-Arian
“Very soon, Allah willing, Rome will be conquered, just like Constantinople was, as was prophesized by our Prophet Muhammad. Today, Rome is the capital of the Catholics, or the Crusader capital, which has declared its hostility to Islam…” Hamas member of the Palestinian Parliament and Islamist cleric Yunis al-Astal, 2010
“I have complete faith that Islam will invade Europe and America, because Islam has logic and a mission.” Egyptian Islamist Muhammad Mahdi Othman ‘Akef, 2004
“I wouldn’t want to create the impression that I wouldn’t like the government of the United States to be Islamic sometime in the future…But I’m not going to do anything violent to promote that. I’m going to do it through education.” CAIR founder Ibrahim Hooper (formerly Doug Hooper) Minneapolis Star Tribune 1993
“If only Muslims were clever politically, they could take over the United States and replace its constitutional government with a caliphate.” American Muslim leader Siraj Wahhaj, 2002
“A time bomb will explode in America, France and elsewhere in the Western countries. This bomb is the Islamic population explosion. The number of Muslims will multiply and they will march towards America and elsewhere. No force on earth will be able to stop them. This bomb has nothing to do with entry or exit visas, or whether Shaykh Umar Abd al-Rahman is arrested or not. It is an Islamic march which no government or laws can prevent.” Shaykh Umar Abd al-Rahman, Egyptian Islamic cleric, 1996
“We have 50 million Muslims in Europe…There are signs that Allah will grant Islam victory in Europe – without swords, without guns, without conquests. The 50 million Muslims of Europe will turn it into a Muslim continent within a few decades…Europe is in a predicament, and so is America…They should agree to become Islamic in the course of time, or else declare war on the Muslims.” Muammar Qaddafi 2003
“Islam is growing even within America, my brothers…Islam is making steady progress in America…Twenty-five thousand people have converted to Islam every year since 9-11, and an even larger figure was mentioned in the New York Times.” Saudi cleric Sheik Nasser bin Suleiman Al-Omar
In a June 2004 interview, Al-Omar said “America is collapsing from within” while Islam is “advancing according to a steady plan, to the point that tens of thousands of Muslims have joined the American army and Islam is the second largest religion in America…Today, America is defeated. I have no doubt, not even for a minute, that America is on its way to destruction.” He predicted that the United States “will be destroyed gradually” and urged that Islamists should be “patient” on the road to such an outcome. Saudi cleric Sheik Nasser bin Suleiman Al-Omar
“They have lost their fertility, so they look for fertility in their midst. We will give them fertility! We will breed children with them, because we shall conquer their countries – whether you like it or not, oh Germans, oh Americans, oh French, oh Italians, and all those like you. Take the refugees! We shall soon collect them in the name of the coming caliphate. We will say to you: These are our sons. Send them, or we will send our armies to you.”
Islamic preacher Sheikh Muhammad Ayed, 2015
American officials reported that 250 US citizens fled to ISIS controlled territory to fight with them.
CNN December 1, 2015
An ISIS operative claimed that more than 4,000 gunmen were smuggled into Europe under the guise of refugees.
Clare Lopez commented “Today, it is the nation-state system and any concept of national sovereignty that is under concerted attack by the forces of the global jihad movement…Jihad is not only a violent phenomenon but can be pursued by many other means, including hijra.”
The ISIS operative claimed “It’s our dream that there should be a caliphate not only in Syria but in all the world and we will have it soon, God willing.”
Worldnetdaily September 4, 2015
The Failed Iran Deal of Barack Obama
United Against Nuclear Iran reported that funds from the $150 billion granted to Iran would be diverted to terrorists and its nuclear program: “These measures have resulted in billions of dollars being pulled out of international corporations that do business in Iran…These companies and their investors that deal with Iran directly support a dangerous regime.”
Free Beacon December 1, 2015
At an armed forces general command ceremony on August 30, 2015, Iranian Defense Minister Hossein Dehghan said: “Today, Iran has attained such status that the superpowers have surrendered to it, because of its majesty, its steadfastness, its resistance, and its unity. Despite their great pride, the regime of the arrogance (the West, led by the U.S.) sat humbly behind the negotiating table and obeyed the rights of the Iranian nation.”
On August 24, 2015, the website of Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei published a poster titled “The Iron Fist,” symbolizing Iran’s might following the agreement. The text on the poster states: “Those who levelled sanctions against us yesterday are dying today, because Iran has become the region’s foremost military power. The Islamic Republic of Iran has proven that it works diligently to defend itself. The entire nation unites as a solid fist, standing fast against the aggressors who lack all reason.”
On July 15, 2015 the Javan website, which is affiliated with Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), claimed that Iran has become a superpower with standing equal to that of the U.S., and that this is why the U.S. agreed to conduct a dialogue with Iran in nuclear talks: “This speech clearly shows the sunset of American power and that (the U.S.) has been downgraded from a superpower to an ordinary power.”
Yadollah Javani, senior advisor to Khamenei in the IRGC, wrote in the July 27, 2015 editorial of the IRGC weekly Sobh-e Sadeq: “However, the truth is that the time of this superpower has passed, and America must accept the facts of the new world. The world’s balance of power is shifting, and a new international political order is being shaped. (This new world order) includes the acknowledgement of a nuclear-fuel-cycle-Iran with decisive deterrent capabilities in the region by the world’s six main powers…”
“Iranian Regime Celebrates Its Victory In The Nuclear Agreement” Middle East Media Research Institute September 4, 2015
Journalist Elie Chalhoub argued in an article in the Hezbollah organ Al-Akhbar
“With regard to the issue of (lifting) the sanctions, we are not dealing with a minor detail pertaining to money. This will effectively bring $120 billion into the Islamic Republic (of Iran). And when will this happen? (It is happening) at the peak of the financial crisis striking the world. Additionally, this measure will bring Iran back to working with (the international financial clearinghouse) SWIFT, and will remove the ban on trade with it (Iran), with all its implications for thousands of Western companies that are dying of hunger and (seeking) (just) such investment opportunities. This by itself will block the West from (eventually) escalating against Iran.”
The Syrian regime of President Bashar Al-Assad noted in a letter To Khamenei:
“I am gladdened by the huge victory that Iran achieved in reaching a final agreement with the (P) 5+1 on the Iranian nuclear dossier. In the name of the Syrian people and in own name, I congratulate you and the fraternal Iranian people from all my heart on this historic victory.”
“Assad Regime, Hizbullah: Iran Nuclear Agreement Is Historic Victory For Resistance Axis, Surrender For Americans, Defeat For Saudis” Middle East Media Research Institute July 16, 2015
“I think that some of it will end up in the hands of the IRGC or other entities, some of which are labeled terrorists. You know, to some degree, I’m not going to sit here and tell you that every component of that can be prevented.” John Kerry, Secretary of State regarding the release of $150 billion in American seized Iranian assets quoted in Jihad Watch January 21, 2016
Islamic-Communist Alliance
Al-Qaeda reportedly maintained links with two communist groups: Colombian FARC and the Sendero Luminiso (Shining Path) in Peru. Pakistani documents also reported that al-Qaeda maintained relations with the communist Popular Revolutionary Army (EPR) of Mexico. The documents revealed that al-Qaeda viewed the EPR as allies in attacks against targets “especially those of the United States and Britain.” EPR also agreed to cooperate in efforts to smuggle al-Qaeda operatives into the United States through Tijuana Mexico. Worldnetdaily May 10, 2006
Cuban agents reportedly cooperated with al-Qaeda operatives in the Western Sahara. The point man for the Cuba-al-Qaeda connection was Havana’s Ambassador to Pakistan Gustavo Machin Gomez. Westerman, Toby. “Al-Qaeda’s Cuban Connection: Terrorism with a Latin Beat” October 31, 2011 Accessed From: http://inatoday.com/alqcubconnec10282011.htm
Until 2014, Cuban state banks also provided al-Qaeda with the facilities to deposit funds. De Luca, Sebastian. “Cuba’s Role in Supporting Terrorism (ENG & ESP)” Center for Security Policy April 16, 2015 Accessed From: https://www.centerforsecuritypolicy.org/2015/04/16/cubas-role-in-supporting-terrorism-eng-esp/
Some high level Cuban officials even openly expressed sympathy for al-Qaeda and called upon that terrorist organization to heighten the campaign to murder Americans. For example, Cuban Attorney General Juan Escalona voiced his hope that captured al-Qaeda operatives would escape from Guantanamo and kill American soldiers and officers: “I hope 15 or 20…get out and kill them.” Westerman, Toby. “Interpol Courts Castro” Cubanet January 22, 2002 Accessed From: http://www.cubanet.org/htdocs/CNews/y02/jan02/22e8.htm
According to Hugo Chavez’s former pilot, Major Juan Diaz Castillo, the Venezuelan government provided $1 million to al-Qaeda after the attacks of 9/11. Diaz also reported that Venezuela transferred $1 million to the Taliban via Caracas’ Ambassador in India Walter Marquez. Moore, Art. “Defector: Chavez Gave $1 Million to Al-Qaeda” Worldnetdaily January 7, 2003 Accessed From: http://www.wnd.com/2003/01/16592/
Until 2001, the Russian Federation transferred weapons to the Taliban via the arms dealer Victor Bout. Leitzinger, Antero. “The Russian Roots of Islamic Terrorism” Eurasian Politician March 2002 Accessed From: http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1666759/posts
Bout remained an ideological communist devoted to injuring the interests of the United States. He admitted to a group of Colombian communist FARC officials: “FARC officers: ‘We’re fighting against the United States.’ Bout: ‘Look, they’re after me too.’” Bout and the FARC officials also reportedly spoke about the “shared ideology of communism and fighting against the Americans.” “Victor Bout: Capturing ‘The Merchant of Death’” CBSNews November 18, 2010 Accessed From: http://www.cbsnews.com/news/viktor-bout-capturing-the-merchant-of-death/
The Red Chinese opposed the imposition of UN sanctions on Taliban ruled Afghanistan in 2000. Beijing also signed a cooperation pact with the Taliban in September 2001. After the attacks of 9/11, the Chinese PLA front company Huawei also constructed a telecommunications facility in Taliban-held Kabul Afghanistan. In 2002, Taliban leaders such as Ustad Khalil visited Red China and met with Communist Party cadres. McGuire, D.J. “How Communist China Supports anti-US Terrorists” Association for Asian Research September 15, 2005 Accessed From: http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2733.html
Over 3,000 Chinese PLA troops crossed into Afghanistan to allegedly assist the Taliban in October 2001. Nyquist, J.R. “China Supports bin Laden and the Taliban” Financial Sense October 10, 2001 Accessed From: http://www.rense.com/general15/chinasupports.htm
In November 2005, North Korea sold SAMs to the Taliban. An al-Qaeda delegation journeyed to North Korea through Iran to make the purchase. “North Korea Sold Missiles to Taliban” Chosun Ilbo September 16, 2015 Accessed From: http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/07/28/2010072800299.html
“It must be remembered that the West lives at the expense of the East; the imperialist powers of Europe grow rich chiefly at the expense of the eastern colonies, but at the same time they are arming their colonies and teaching them to fight and by so doing the West is digging its own grave in the East. The social doctrines of communism and Islam have some similarities-such as helping the poor, social justice, etc.” Lenin, Comintern’s Second Congress, 1920 quoted in Preobrazhensky, Konstantin. “Communists and Muslims: The Hidden Hand of the KGB” Accessed From: http://leninandsharia.com/docs/preobrazhensky.pdf
Defecting high-level CPSU Soviet International Department official Evgeny Novikov recalled that “Yet based on my own twenty years’ experience with Russian intelligence people involved in Arab affairs…The Soviet KGB had good…albeit indirect…connections with Islamic fundamentalists, including the Muslim Brotherhood and the Egyptian Jihad. The curriculum of Arab terrorists who studied at Moscow International’s Lenin School placed special emphasis on cooperation between Marxists and Islamists. Soviet instructors would encourage Arab terrorists to consider the Muslim Brothers and other Islamic extremists as ‘allies in class struggle.’ Good contacts between the KGB and Islamic fundamentalists existed at the time of the Egyptian Jihad’s 1981 assassination of Anwar Sadat, after which Zawahiri[1] was jailed by Egyptian authorities.” Defecting high-level CPSU Soviet CPSU International Department official Evgeny Novikov quoted in Novikov, Evgenii. “A Russian Agent at the Right Hand of Bin Laden?” Terrorism Monitor Volume: 2 Issue: 1 May 5, 2005 Accessed From: http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=427
In 2011, Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei endorsed “Occupy Wall Street” demonstrations: “They (U.S. government) might be able to oppress the uprising. However, one day the developments will become so big that it will cause the capitalist system of the USA and West to collapse.” International Business Times News October 12, 2011
The Deputy Chief of Staff of the Iranian Armed Forces for Culture and Defense Publicity, General Seyed Massoud Jazzayeri, felt that Occupy Wall Street was “a revolution and a comprehensive movement against corruption in the US” but as a force “that will no doubt end in the downfall of the Western capitalist system.” “Occupy Wall Street: A Comprehensive Study” Discoverthenetworks Accessed From: http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/viewSubCategory.asp?id=1533
“…there will be no harm if the interests of Muslims converge with the interests of the socialists in the fight against the crusaders.” Osama Bin Laden Al-Jazeera TV February 11, 2003
China provided copies of the Soviet SA-7 SAMs to the Taliban and al Qaeda before and after the attacks of 9/11. “Chinese Military Provided Training to Taliban/al Qaeda” China Reform Monitor June 26, 2002 Accessed From: http://63.123.226.152/crm/crm452.htm
The Red Chinese were also pleased with the carnage and aggression which resulted from the al-Qaeda attacks on Washington DC and New York in September 2001. Chinese PLA forces also reportedly trained al Qaeda and Taliban forces during this time period. “Chinese Military Provided Training to Taliban/al Qaeda” China Reform Monitor June 26, 2002 Accessed From: http://63.123.226.152/crm/crm452.htm
China’s Premier Zhu Rongji joked to businessmen at the Bao Forum for Asia that: “Japan bought many huge buildings in New York, but luckily they didn’t buy the World Trade Center. If he had bought them, now the Japanese would be sadder than the Americans.” Executives and politicians were reportedly “roaring with laughter.” “Zhu Rongji Jokes Publicly About the September 11 Attacks” China Reform Monitor April 22, 2002 Accessed From: http://63.123.226.152/crm/crm442.htm
The Chinese propaganda apparatus also produced DVDs which praised the 9/11 attacks as humbling the arrogant imperialist power of the United States. The agencies responsible for producing these DVDs were the Xinhua information agency, Beijing Television and China Central Television. Sunday Telegraph November 4, 2001
One Beijing Television documentary called Attack America had this to say about the 9/11 attacks: “This is the America the whole world has wanted to see. Blood debts have been repaid in blood. America has bombed other countries and used its hegemony to deny the natural rights of others without paying the price. Who until now has dared to avenge the hurts inflicted by unaccountable Americans?” Sunday Telegraph November 4, 2001
Another Chinese film stated: “Look at the panic in their faces as they wipe off the dust and crawl out of their strong buildings – now just a heap of rubble. We will never fear these people again, they have been shown to be soft-bellied paper tigers.” Another video stated “We guys are all Americans, our government is used to bullying people. We guys always have our hands on too much, this time our own people got hurt.” Sunday Telegraph November 4, 2001
The Chinese paid Osama Bin Laden several million dollars for unexploded US-made cruise missiles left over from the 1998 attacks on al Qaeda camps. The Libyan al-Qaeda agent Lased Ben Heni noted “With these weapons he (Bin Laden) has boosted his financial resources. From every part of the world, businessmen who hate Americans have come to study American missile strategy. In particular, businessmen have come from China. He works a great deal with China. He’s got good relations with them.” “Beijing Paid bin Laden for Unexploded US Cruise Missiles” China Reform Monitor October 22, 2001 Accessed From: http://63.123.226.152/crm/crm410.htm
Chinese state-owned factories shipped weapons to Iraq’s anti-US insurgency via Iran’s Revolutionary Guards Corps. Firearms shipped to the rebels fighting American and Coalition troops included IEDs, sniper rifles, ammunition, and rocket propelled grenades. Tkacik Jr., John J. “The Arsenal of the Iraq Insurgency” Weekly Standard Accessed From: http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/013/956wspet.asp
In May 2004, Chinese intelligence front companies assisted al Qaeda in raising and laundering money. McGuire, D.J. “China Bought American Cruise Missiles from al-Qaeda” Epoch Times December 5, 2005 Accessed From: http://www.theepochtimes.com/news/5-12-5/35329.html
China also supplied 2,000 AK-47 rifles to street gangs in the United States. Miller, Frank. “Special Report: Chinese Communists Target the USA” Accessed From: http://www.fatimacrusader.com/cr55/cr55pg11.asp
Mohammed Atta reportedly met secretly with Cuban undercover agents shortly after his arrival in the United States during the year 2000. Federal investigators alleged that high-level officials of Cuba’s biological warfare program spoke with Atta at a Miami motel. Federal investigators suspected that Atta’s Cuban contact was a top Defense Ministry officer with personal ties to Castro who entered the United States under cover of assignment to a delegation that escorted Elian Gonzalez’s two grandmothers. The grandmothers were allegedly coming to the United States to mediate the controversial custody battle which occurred at that time. Insight on the News November 9, 2001
An al-Qaeda defector noted in 2000 that North Korean and Cuban troops provided assistance in training camps located in Kunar province, in northeastern Afghanistan. The North Koreans allegedly brought chemical weapons and stored them in caves and sun-baked mud houses. Associated Press March 4, 2000
Yossef Bodansky claimed that North Korea and Osama Bin Laden concluded a single weapons deal which consisted of North Korean-made anthrax samples. Triplett, William C. Rogue State
The 1999 State Department report titled Overview of State-Sponsored Terrorism noted that North Korea maintained ties with al-Qaeda. Triplett, William C. Rogue State
“Yevgeniy,” Former Russian Fsb Security Services Officer: “Being guided by good intentions, human rights activists from Europe would help the people being persecuted in their country to flee. Among them were infiltrators with ready documents and a made-up legend. They would actively infiltrate into Muslim communities. With the support of the security services, they made financial donations, thus acquiring prestige and moving up the hierarchy.”
According to Yevgeniy, Russian agents were a tool in attacks in Europe. Their task was to undermine the situation and create so-called multicultural conflict. This started in 2009 in London but according to his account, was most recently seen in Paris.
Andriy Tsaplienko, correspondent: “Is there any proof which suggests that the Russian special services were involved in the terrorist attacks on Paris, or at least they knew about them in advance?”
“Yevgeniy”: “Given the connections they have in Muslim communities based in Europe, they could not but know that the terrorist acts were being prepared. They knew but did not share…”
Tsaplienko: “Is it complicity?”
“Yevgeniy”: “It is complicity in acts of terrorism. And the complicity could be direct or indirect. By analyzing their connections, one, of course, will be able to see the ties leading to Russia. Primarily Russia could benefit from this, and the Russian security services had all the possibilities to organize this.”
Tsaplienko: Can one claim that Russia, the Russian special services are involved in the creation of ISIS?
“Yevgeniy”: “Definitely, and I know that exactly, the Russian special services believed that if a terrorist organization was set up as an alternative to Al-Qaeda and it created problems for the United States as Donbas does for Ukraine now, it would be quite good.”
“Ex-Russian FSB spy exposes Kremlin’s operation of terror, help to Islamic State” Ukraine TV December 7, 2015
“Together, Russia and the Assad regime are deliberately weaponizing migration in an attempt to overwhelm European structures and break European resolve.”
Supreme NATO commander Philip Breedlove, 2016
[1] Zawahiri was a top al-Qaeda leader who was also trained by the Russian FSB during the Yeltsin regime.
